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Ex (text editor)
ex, short for EXtended, is a line editor for Unix systems originally written by Bill Joy〔(ex manual page )〕 in 1976, beginning with an earlier program written by Charles Haley.〔William N. Joy, ''(Ex reference manual )'', November, 1977〕 Multiple implementations of the program exist; they are standardized by POSIX.
==History==
The original Unix editor, distributed with the Bell Labs versions of the operating system in the 1970s, was the rather user-unfriendly ed. George Coulouris of Queen Mary College, London, which had installed Unix in 1973, developed an improved version called that could take advantage of video terminals. While visiting Berkeley, Coulouris presented his program to Bill Joy, who modified it to be less demanding on the processor; Joy's version became and got included in the Berkeley Software Distribution.
ex was eventually given a full-screen visual interface (adding to its command line oriented operation), thereby becoming the vi text editor. In recent times, ex is implemented as a personality of the vi program; most variants of vi still have an "ex mode", which is invoked using the command , or from within vi for one command by typing the (colon) character. Although there is overlap between ex and vi functionality, some things can only be done with ex commands, so it remains useful when using vi.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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